Orofacial trauma and mouthguard use in Brazilian rugby union players.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Rugby union represents a high-risk sport for orofacial trauma due to its impact collisions and repetitive tackles. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of orofacial trauma according to mouthguard use among a sample of Brazilian rugby union players. METHODS: An online questionnaire was sent to the 16 best rugby union clubs in Brazil. The questionnaire contained questions about the training history of each athlete, prevalence of orofacial trauma, and details about mouthguard use. Only participants who reported using a mouthguard were selected for this analysis. RESULTS: A total of 244 individuals were included. The prevalence of orofacial trauma was 34.4%, and 61.9% of them did not wear a mouthguard at the time of the incident. The only type of mouthguard reported was the pre-fabricated ("boil and bite" and "ready-to-wear") type. A stronger association was observed between the reason for using a mouthguard and the outcome, whereas a lower proportion of trauma was observed among individuals who claimed mandatory mouthguard use at the gym/sport (20.0%). Time since the respondent started playing rugby union and who instructed them to use a mouthguard were not associated with orofacial trauma. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of orofacial trauma was high among this sample of rugby union players from Brazil, even with the use of pre-fabricated mouthguards. This study encourages further investigation on the use of custom-made mouthguards in rugby union and the role of coach/physical educators to reduce the prevalence of orofacial trauma.

Determinants for traumatic orofacial injuries in sport: Extrinsic factors in a scoping review.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Sports practices carry a risk for orofacial injuries and, to avoid them, preventive measures are necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate a web of extrinsic determinants for orofacial trauma in sports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through a scoping review, eight extrinsic risk factors for sports-related orofacial trauma emerged from the thematic analysis. These were sports modality, sports philosophy, competition rules, level of competition, accessory equipment, environmental conditions, acting regimen, pitch conditions, and human resources. The data collection was conducted on seven databases, using terms based on health science descriptors and keywords related to orofacial trauma and sports. RESULTS: From the 1155 articles found, 157 were selected based on eligibility criteria and classified according to the mentioned factors. After the full reading of the articles, the most cited risk factor was sports modality while acting regimen and environmental factors were the least mentioned. Therefore, a scheme following the web of determinants was constructed with the purpose of establishing a risk profile, which was based on the interactions between the determinants and on the frequency that they were mentioned as contributors to injury. From this, it was observed that each traumatic event is possibly a result of the interrelationships among the eight suggested determinants. CONCLUSION: Sports modality was the most cited extrinsic determinant observed in the literature, while environmental conditions and acting regimen were the least cited. In addition, more than establishing the determinants, it is necessary to comprehend how they relate, once preventive strategies should intercede on these relations, to help reduce sports injuries.

Análise da fidelidade das diferentes espessuras de placa de copolímero de etileno e acetato de vinila (eva) ao modelo de gesso utilizando a técnica termoformação a vácuo / Fidelity analysis of the different thicknesses of copolymer of etileno and vinyl acetate (eva) sheets to the plaster model using vacuum machines

Introdução: o cirurgião-dentista é o profissional que tem habilitação para indicar e planejar a confecção de protetores bucais esportivos. Atualmente dispomos de quatro tipos de protetores bucais, sendo os mais indicados os tipos III e IV, pois oferecem melhor absorção de impacto, retenção, adaptação e, consequentemente proteção frente aos traumas. O tipo III é feito pela técnica a vácuo, enquanto o tipo IV é confeccionado com a técnica a pressão. Objetivo: verificar a fidelidade da plastificação de EVA ao modelo de gesso, com diferentes espessuras de EVA de diferentes marcas e máquinas na técnica a vácuo. Método: as marcas utilizadas foram BioArt e Essence, duas marcas nacionais de grande disponibilidade. A avaliação dos modelos de gesso obtidos na pesquisa foi baseada em score desenvolvido pelas pesquisadoras que considera o intervalo de pontuação de 0 a 21. Resultados e Discussão: os resultados demonstram que a placa da marca Bio-art de 1 mm apresentou melhor escoamento facilitando sua acomodação nos desenhos anatômicos do manequim, obtendo um índice de 19 pontos. Quanto ao desempenho das diferentes marcas de máquinas termoplastificadoras, a Essence obteve melhor desempenho em todas as marcas e espessuras das placas de EVA com o total de 49 pontos. Conclusão: concluímos que são indispensáveis novos estudos para este universo do desporto frente aos materiais e técnicas para confecção de protetor bucal e difusão da importância sobre o uso do dispositivo contra traumas orofaciais para atletas e explorando o mercado dos recursos que já dispomos das técnicas seguras e eficientes.

Introduction: the dental surgeon is the Professional Who has the qualification to indicate and to plan the making of sports buckets. Currently we have four types of mouth guards, the most indicated being types III and IV, since they offer better impact absorption, retention, adaptation and, consequently, protection against trauma. Type III is made by the vacuum technique, while type IV is made by the technique under pressure. Objetctive: the objective of this work was to verify the fidelity of the pzlastification of EVA to the gypsum model, with different thicknesses of EVA of different brands and machines in the vacuum technique. The brands used were BioArt and Essence, two national brands of great availability. The evaluation of the gypsum models obtained in the research was based on a score developed by the researchers that considers the score range from 0 to 21. Results and Discussion: the results demonstrate that the plate of the Bio-art mark of 1 mm presented better flow facilitating its accommodation in the anatomical drawings of the manikin, obtaining an index of 19 points. As for the performance of different brands of thermoplastic machines, Essence achieved better performance in all brands and thicknesses of EVA plates with a total of 49 points. Conclusion: we conclude that new studies are necessary for this universe of sport in relation to materials and techniques for confection of mouthguards and the diffusion of the importance of the use of the device against orofacial traumas to athletes and exploring the market of resources that already have the techniques safe and efficient.

Fatores relevantes para a mudança na formação em Odontologia motivados pelo Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde) / Relevant factors for change in Dentistry training motivated by the National Program for the Reorientation of Healthcare Training (Pró-Saúde)

Este trabalho, de natureza exploratória, visa a reunir informações sobre os projetos participantes do Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde ­ Pró-Saúde, na área de Odontologia. O estudo fundamenta-se nos pressupostos de gestão do conhecimento e da educação em saúde e objetiva analisar fatores relevantes para mudança na formação em Odontologia, através da aplicação da ferramenta de mineração de textos. Traz subsídios à avaliação do caminho das mudanças vivenciadas no âmbito das Instituições de Ensino Superior e dos serviços de saúde advindas com a implementação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e do Programa Pró-Saúde. A coleção textual analisada é composta por 20 relatórios parciais (80% do universo) referentes aos dois anos de vigência do Programa. Três categorias são analisadas utilizando técnicas de descoberta do conhecimento: relação ensino-serviço, características organizacionais e filosofia pedagógica. Considerando os eixos de avaliação propostos pelo Pró-Saúde, o eixo B, Cenários de Prática, parece ser o fator que mais contribui no desenvolvimento dos projetos, em especial o vetor B1, integração ensino-serviço, que se mostra como grande impulsionador da mudança na formação em nível de Graduação em Odontologia em direção ao Sistema Único de Saúde. A descoberta do conhecimento e suas ferramentas de análise mostram-se importantes para aplicação em futuros trabalhos acadêmicos na área da saúde, em especial na Odontologia (AU).

This exploratory work aimed to gather information on the projects participating in the National Program for the Reorientation of Healthcare Training, in the area of Dentistry. The study is based on the assumptions of knowledge management and health education and aims to examine relevant factors for change in dentistry training, through the application of text mining tools. The study provides subsidies to evaluate the path of the changes experienced within the Institutions of Higher Education and health services resulting from the implementation of the National Curriculum Guidelines and Pró-Saúde. The textual collection under analysis consists of twenty partial reports (80% of the universe), concerning the two years duration of the program. Three categories are analyzed using knowledge discovery techniques: education and service relation, educational philosophy, and organizational characteristics. Considering the axes of assessment proposed by the program Pró-Saúde, the axis B, Practice Scenarios, seems to be the prime factor in the development of projects, in particular the vector B1, the integration between education and the public health service, which constitutes the main factor for change in higher education in Dentistry towards the Unified Health System. Knowledge discovery and its tools proved important for future academic studies in the area of health, especially in Dentistry (AU).

Percepção dos formandos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina sobre o que é promoção da saúde / The perception of senior students from the Health Science Center at the Federal University of Santa Catarina regarding health promotion

Como resposta aos desafios sanitários contemporâneos, a Promoção da Saúde delineia-se num campo teórico-prático-político envolvendo ações e projetos em saúde, apresentando-se em todos os níveis de complexidade da gestão e atenção do sistema de saúde. Para tanto, deve incluir capacitação da comunidade para que a mesma, visando melhoria de qualidade de vida e saúde, possa atuar juntamente no controle desse processo. Dada a importância desse conhecimento, o presente trabalho propô-se identificar a percepção dos formandos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS) da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) sobre o que é Promoção da Saúde. Metodologia: uma pesquisa de campo com caráter descritivo e qualitativo visando analisar a realidade a partir da observação de fenômenos e causas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram compostos por formandos dos cursos do CCS da UFSC, sendo 3 representantes de cada curso, em função da saturação de respostas, totalizando 15. As informações pessoais foram submetidas a uma análise descritiva, bem como qualitativa através do processo de Análise-Reflexão-Síntese. Resultados: O perfil da amostra foi predominantemente feminino (60%), com aproximadamente 21 anos de idade. Quanto ao conhecimento sobre a Promoção da Saúde, observou-se dificuldade em conceituar seu significado, sendo que para a maioria da amostra não foi possível diferenciar prevenção de promoção da saúde, além da incapacidade de exemplificar como aplicar em sua prática profissional. Apesar da importância da Promoção da Saúde ter sido reconhecida e exaltada, pôde-se observar falta de conhecimento e entendimento sobre o tema (AU).

In response to the current health challenges, Health Promotion deals with a theoretical-practicalpolitical approach, involves actions and health projects, and underlies all levels of complexity of health system management and of healthcare service provision. It must prepare the community to be able to help in supervising the whole process to improve the quality of life and health. Given the importance of this knowledge, this paper intends to show how senior students from the Health Science Center at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (HSC-FUSC) perceive Health Promotion. Methodology: Field research in the form of a descriptive and qualitative survey, aiming at analyzing the real situation by observing different phenomena and their causes. The survey respondents consisted of senior undergraduate students from HSC-FUSC, specifically, 3 students from each course, resulting in 15 students. The personal information was submitted to a descriptive analysis, as well as to qualitative analysis using the process of Analysis-Reflection-Synthesis. Results: The profile of the surveyed respondents was predominantly female (60%), and the average age was 21 years old. In respect to the students' knowledge of Health Promotion, they demonstrated difficulty in grasping its meaning; most of the respondents could not distinguish health prevention from health promotion, and were also unable to exemplify how they would apply it in their professional practice. Although the importance of Health Promotion is indeed recognized and valued, a lack of understanding and knowledge of this subject prevailed (AU).

Formação em odontologia e interdisciplinaridade: o Pró-Saúde da UFSC / Interdisciplinarity and dentistry training: UFSC's Pro-Health program

Na última década, a formação de profissionais de saúde tem sido reformulada com políticas de educação e de saúde promovidas pelos Ministérios da Educação e Cultura e da Saúde. Este artigo apresenta a experiência do Curso de Graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) na implantação do Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde ­ Pró-Saúde. Como processo indutor, o programa direcionou as mudanças com vistas à integração ensino-serviço e à utilização de novas metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem, enfatizando a atenção básica. Na área de Odontologia, tais movimentos mostram-se necessários tendo em vista que, historicamente, tanto o sistema formador como o mercado de trabalho foram regidos pela iniciativa privada. Na UFSC, as atividades foram estruturadas em conformidade com os três eixos de desenvolvimento do Programa e impulsionaram o movimento de reforma curricular. O Pró-Saúde foi fundamental para a indução desse processo de mudança em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, trazendo contribuições em todos os eixos (AU).

In the last decade, the training of health professionals was restructured with education and health policies promoted in partnership by the Ministries of Education and Culture and Health. This article presents the experience of the Undergraduate Dentistry Course of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) gained in implementing the National Redirection of Vocational Training in Health - Pro-Health. As an inductive process, it led to changes, aiming at integrating learning and health service and at using new methods of teaching and learning, emphasizing primary care. In the field of dentistry, these movements seemed necessary, considering that, historically, both the educational system and the labor market were governed by private initiative. In UFSC, the activities were structured in accordance with the three axes of development presented by the program, and drove the movement to reform the curriculum. Pro-Health was essential for inducing the process of change in an interdisciplinary perspective, offering contributions across all axes (AU).